Building construction



' Jam 27, 19424 `J. E. HlNEs 2,270,846

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION I Filed March 4, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jan' 27 1942' ggggmdf@ BUILDING CGNSTRUCWGN f Filed March 4, 19139 2 Sheets-5heet 2 Patented. Jin. 27, 1942 Bonomo. coNs'rnUc'rloN Joseph E. Hines, Kensington, Md., assignor to Fabcretc Corporation, Richmond, Ya., a corporation o( Virginia Applicatiol` Hatch 4, 1939, Serial No. 259,885

(Cl. 'l2-1) 4 Claims.

The present invention is directed to improvements in building constructions, and more particularly to buildings that are formed from pre-cast units of cementitious material.

'I'he primary object of the invention is to produce a building employing units so constructed units so constructed that when assembled will eliminate the use of interior frame-work as supporting mediums therefor.

Another object of the invention is to provide building units to which may be conveniently secured composition board, laths and the like in order to impart tothe interior of the building thedesired finished appearance.

With these and other objects in view, thisvin- Vvention resides in the novel features of construction, formation, combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated lin the acf companying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view.

Figure 2 is va sectional view.

Figure 3 is a sectional view on line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a corner slab.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the angle strip.

Figure 6'is aperspective view, on an enlarged scale of a pair of slabs.

Figure 'l is-a sectional view on line 1-1 of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is -a detaii sectional view showing the wooden strip on an enlarged scale.

Figure 9 is a sectional view on line 9--9 of Figure 2. l

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view showing a wooden window frame mounted.

Figure l1 is a similar view showing a flue assembly.

Figure l2 is a detail view'lshowing a metal frame mounting.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figure 6, it will be noted that the precast slabs I comprise side flanges 2 and end the flanges 2 are provided with grooves l, which' continue the full length thereof, and are preferably shaped as shown. The opposite side edges of the slabs are formed with ribs 5 corresponding in shape to the grooves I in order that when the slabs arerin assembled relation the ribs will engage in the grooves of the adjacent slabs, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. It will be understood that the joints formed by the nterfitting.ribs and grooves are made weatherproof by any suitable calking material.

The side and, end flanges of the slabs are provided with passages 6 and l, respectively, in order that water and ygas pipes, and electric conduits may be conveniently installed. Y The inner `faces of thevside anges 2-,have thereon wooden strips 8,- which are secured thereto by'nails 9, which'are embedded in said anges during the casting o f the units or slabs, the purpose of which will later appear. I

Upon reference to Figs. 2 and 3 it will be noted that tie rods III are `passed through the side anges of the slabs, the ends of said rods having threaded thereon vnutsr II, which obviously serve to retain the ribs .'a` tightly wedged in the grooves l and the slabs/in rigid relationship.

A corner Junction formed from the slabs is shown in Fig. 3, and at which point a space I2 is presenty between the abutting sides of the slabs, and it is of ccu'rseI necessary to conceal this space so that the building when completed will offer anvattractive and finished appearance. In order to accomplish this metal angle strips I3 are` employed, the webs thereof Ibearing against theadjacent sides of .the angularly disposed slabs, and'it is through these webs that the terminals of the tie rods I0 extend forengagement by the nuts II. Th'e nuts I I not only serve to hold the slabs in assembled relationship, but also toretain the saddles Il in the space I2. A pair of saddles are employed at each comer junction, and each'consists of a plate I5 and down-turned lugs I6, said lugs having formed Y therein vertically disposed slots I'l'adapted toreceive the terminals of the tie rods I0, after which the nutsII are tightened to retain the slabs in yassembled relation and the saddles rmly in place. Theplates I5 of the saddles are formed with openings I8, the lpurpose of which will appear later. c l

. '1*0 conceal the corner junctions of the building, corner slabs I9 are employed, and as shown Yin Figs. 3 and 4, are curved in cross section, but flanges 3. The outer faces of the Vedges bearing it willbe of course understood .thatthey may be made any Vother shape in cross section, as desired. l

The corner slabs I9 have embedded therein the Shanks of the hooks which are adapted to engage in theopenings I8 of the'plates I5, thereby holding the said slabs firmly in place. It will be of lcourse understood that the corner slabs I9 are placed before the slabs forming the roof are laid.

The slabs constituting the roof 2I are similar to those forming thev side walls with the exception that certain of the side edges, as at 122, are formed with angular seats 23 to snugly fit the `uppermost end flanges 2 of the vertically disposed W'all formingfslabs I, and as clearly shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 3 is also showna oor 24 formed from a plurality of slabs I, the fianges 3 thereof resting upon the foundation 25 having seats 26 formed therein for receiving the lower ends of the slabs constituting the side walls of the building. This foundation is formed with beveled faces 21, which serve to shed water or moisture from the outer faces of the walls to prevent entrance thereof to the building.

Transverse foundations 28 are employed and it is upon such foundations that the innermost flanges of the slabs forming the floor 24 rest, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. If desired the flanges 3 resting upon the foundations may be provided with ducts 29 to drain any moisture which may accumulate on the inner faces of the slabs forming the walls.

In Fig. 2 a partition 30 is shown formed from a plurality of the slabs, the upper end thereof engaging the innermost flanges 3 of the slabs forming the roof 2 I, while the lower ends thereof rest upon the floor 24, preferably at points above the flanges 3 floor slabs. By providing the strips 8 wall board or the' like 3| may be conveniently nailed to the inner vsurfaces of the slabs, such boards being shown as applied to the slabs forming the partition 30. It will-be of course understood that the wall board is attached to the strips carried by the slabs' forming the walls, but for the sake of clearness the same have not been shown.

Similar boards constituting. the ceiling 32A are interposed between the upper ends of the slabs forming the walls and partitions.

Shown in Fig. 10 is a T 33 and to which are secured the opposed ends of the tie rods I0 which extend longitudinally of the building and the tie rods 34 extending transversely thereof.

In order that window frames may be placed in the walls horizontally disposed slabs constituting the lintels 35 and spandrels 38 are employed, as shown in Fig. 1, and it is between members that the window frames 31 are mounted. When meta-l window frames are used one of the sides of the window openings is formed from slabs 28, as shown 1n Fig. 8, which differ only slightly from the slabs I, in that these slabs are formed with two side flanges 39 sov that they will be substantially U-shaped incross section. The inner sides of the slabs 38 are formed with grooves 40 and the outer sides have grooves 4I formed therein, the latter receiving' a' rib of anadjacent slab I forming a part of the side wall of the building. Thus a slab 38 and a slab I form the sides of the window opening so that the fins 42 of the frames engage the grooves 40 and 4 of tlhe respective slabs, and since the lower end of the frame rests upon the spandrel 36 and the lintel 35 rests upon the upper end of the frame,

interior of the the frame will be held firmly in place. The ns 42 can be easily slipped into the grooves 40 and 4 after the spandrel is in place and after which the lintels are applied. The grooves 40 and 4 are filled with suitable calking material to as* sure a tight joint about the window frame.

In case wooden window frames are used wooden strips 43 are placed in the grooves 4I) and 4, after which screws are driven through the sides of the frame and vinto the said strips, as shown in` Fig. 10. 1

In order to provide flues for the buildingslabs 49 are provided land have side flanges 41 which are placed in abutting relation with the flanges 39 of the slabs 38, thereby providing a flue 48, the slab 46 having a pipe opening 49 therein.

The roof .2I is preferably covered by tar paper or the like 50, the marginal edges thereof depending into the gutters 5I, which are nailed to the wooden strips 52 carried by the outer edges of the slabs forming the roof.

It will' be observed that after the wall and ceiling boards have vbeen applied air spaces will be provided through the walls, ceiling and parltitions of the building.

' handled or transported the edges thereof are beveled, as at 53.

What is claimed is:

1. In a building construction, a plurality of pre-cast slabs, each comprising a side flange and end flanges, tie rods passing through the side flanges andhaving their ends extending at the corner junction of the slabs forming the walls of the building, saddles comprising plates and lugs, said lugs being engageable on the extended ends of the rods, nuts on the rods to hold the lugs engaged thereon, corner slabs having hooks carried thereby and adapted to engage the plates of the saddles, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a building construction, a plurality of pre-cast slabs, the slabs at the corners of the building being disposed in angular relation and forming recesses, tie rods passing -through the slabs to hold the same in assembled relationship, the terminals of `the rods extending into the recesses, saddles including plates having lug: thereon, said lugshaving slo'ts therein to receive the extended ends of the rods, nuts threaded on the extended ends of the rodsand adapted to bindingly engage the lugs to retain the saddles within the recesses, and corner slabs closing the recesses and having hooks thereon adapted to engage in openings in the plates of the saddles.

3. A construction as claimed in claim 2 wherein metal strips, angular in cross section have their webs interposed between the lugs of the saddles and adjacent ends of the slabs.

4. In a building construction comprising a plurality of pre-cast slabs forming a plane surface,

each slab having a flange upon one side edge only and disposed in angular relation tothe face of the JOSEPH E. HINES. 

